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Topic · AI Models

The latest AI models

Between early September and late October 2026, every major lab shipped a new flagship or near-flagship model. Here is what was announced, when, and what it costs, with a link to each primary source.

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Benchmark figures on this page are the developers' own figures unless I say otherwise. They are useful for comparing a company's models with each other, but they are not independent verification. Prices are per million tokens (input / output) for the standard API tier at launch.

OpenAI: the GPT-6 family

GPT-6 Astra

3 Sep 2026OpenAI describes Astra as its most intelligent and best-aligned model to date. It launched to Plus, Pro, Business and Enterprise users in ChatGPT and to the API at $10 / $50, and is also offered through Microsoft Azure and AWS Bedrock. In OpenAI's own results it scores 97.6% on FrontierMath Tier 4, 99.9% on ARC-AGI-3 and 72.6% on OSWorld 2.0.

Astra is also the first OpenAI model the company says meets the "Critical" cybersecurity threshold in its Preparedness Framework. Advanced offensive-cyber requests are refused by default, and OpenAI says a separate programme (Daybreak) will give vetted defenders broader access. Read my explainer on Astra.

GPT-6 Sol, GPT-6 Luna and GPT-6.1 Sol

22 Sep 2026The smaller siblings arrived three weeks later: Sol at $2 / $10 and Luna at $0.10 / $0.50. OpenAI says this is 50% cheaper than the GPT-5.6 promotional pricing. 29 Sep 2026At DevDay, OpenAI announced GPT-6.1 Sol, which it says delivers "near-Astra intelligence" at one-fifth of Astra's prices.

GPT-6 in ChatGPT

7 Oct 2026GPT-6 became the default in ChatGPT, with Sol for paid tiers and Luna for Free and Go users from 8 October. Answers can now include interactive "Intelligent UI" elements, and OpenAI says web-search answers start 44% sooner.

GPT-6 models on Google Cloud

21 Oct 2026Google Cloud now offers GPT-6 Astra, GPT-6.1 Sol and GPT-6 Luna in its Model Garden, in private preview for selected enterprise customers. Usage is billed on the customer's Google Cloud invoice and counts towards existing spending commitments, and OpenAI's Codex tools can connect to it for inference. Google says the models will come to its business Gemini products and Antigravity later, and that it is now the only hyperscaler offering models from all three leading closed-model labs. That is Google's description; Astra was already available through Microsoft Azure and AWS Bedrock.

Anthropic: Claude 5.1 and 5.5

Claude Fable 5.1 and Mythos 5.1

1 Sep 2026Anthropic's top tier has a 1M-token context window and costs $10 / $50. Mythos 5.1 is only for participants in Anthropic's Project Glasswing; Fable 5.1 is the more widely available version.

Claude Opus 5.5

22 Sep 2026Priced at $4 / $20, with cache reads at $0.20. Anthropic says it costs about 40% less than Opus 5 on typical workloads and generates output more than 30% faster. METR and Frontier Design tested it before release. Anthropic reports 66.4% on Terminal-Bench 4.0.

It is the first release since Anthropic's chief executive called for "pacing the frontier". It ships with Fable-class cyber and biology safeguards, a Life Sciences Verification Program for legitimate researchers, and output watermarking aimed at EU AI Act compliance.

Claude Sonnet 5.5 and Haiku 5.5

28 Sep 2026Anthropic says Sonnet 5.5 is more than 30% faster than Sonnet 5 and up to 30% cheaper. 7 Oct 2026Haiku 5.5 costs $0.10 / $0.50 for prompts up to 100k tokens, which Anthropic puts at about 75% cheaper to run than Haiku 4.5. It is the first Haiku with an adjustable "effort" setting. The same announcement halved Sonnet 5.5 cache reads to $0.10 and introduced monthly API credits for Max and Team subscribers. Read my piece on the Claude 5.5 family.

Google: Gemini 4 Argon

Gemini 4 Argon

30 Sep 2026Google announced Argon and gave it first to trusted cyber defenders through its Fairwind Program. The output limit rises to 1M tokens, up from 64K. Google reports 77.9% on DeepSWE v1.1, 51.3% on AutomationBench (first place in Google's comparison) and 91.7% on LVBench. Google also says it monitors Argon's chain of thought for signs of misalignment.

13 Oct 2026Argon became generally available at an introductory price of $2 / $10, rising later to $4 / $20. Google says it ranks first on the Vals Index and describes Argon refactoring roughly 6 million lines of legacy Chrome code.

Meta and Mistral: open and semi-open

Meta Muse Wonder and Muse Spark Open

12 Oct 2026Meta launched Muse Wonder and Muse Wonder Full, with features it calls Active Memory and Active Focus, through the Meta Model API and its Muse Code tool. 15 Oct 2026Three days later it released Muse Spark Open with downloadable weights: 816B total parameters, 42B active per token, and a 1M-token context. Meta says it runs on two Apple Mac Studios with M5 Ultra chips. It is released under Meta's own Muse Model License rather than a standard open-source licence.

Mistral Large 4

6 Oct 2026Mistral released a public preview of Large 4 (internal nickname "Le Chonk"). It is a multimodal model with about 1 trillion parameters, 52B of them active, trained on 3,800 NVIDIA Grace Blackwell GPUs in Mistral's own European data centres. Mistral says weights will follow by the end of October, and the work is funded by a €3 billion Series D. Read my piece on open-weight models.

This week: speed, speech and small models

Inception Mercury 3

19 Oct 2026Inception makes "diffusion" language models, which generate many tokens in parallel instead of one at a time. It says Mercury 3 runs at about 1,068 tokens a second on NVIDIA GPUs, 4 to 8 times faster than GPT-6 Luna and Claude Haiku 5.5, with similar or better benchmark scores. SiliconANGLE reports that Inception's own comparison has Mercury 3 ahead in 8 of 12 tests. The context window rises to 1M tokens from 260K, and the price is $0.20 / $0.70, with 50% off at launch. It works with OpenAI-compatible APIs and is offered through OpenRouter, Baseten and Vercel. The speed and benchmark figures are Inception's claims.

Mistral Voxtral 3

20 Oct 2026Mistral's new speech family covers transcription in more than 50 languages, including all 24 official EU languages, and text-to-speech. Voxtral Mini Transcribe 3 is a 4B-parameter model priced at $0.0035 a minute, and a realtime version promises responses in under 500 ms for $0.008 a minute. Voxtral Mini TTS 3 costs $13 per million characters and can build a custom voice from 30 minutes of audio. A voice-agent SDK built on LiveKit starts at $0.04 a minute. Mistral says Voxtral 3 beats Whisper, ElevenLabs Scribe v2 and Gemini 3.5 Transcribe on its tests, and offers EU-hosted endpoints or self-deployment.

NVIDIA Nemotron 3.5

15 Oct 2026NVIDIA released Nemotron 3.5 Super VL, an open 120B-parameter vision-language model that NVIDIA says is five times faster than the next best model in its class, plus Nemotron 3.5 Bolt models for PCs. Bolt 74B-A9B fits in 24 GB using native 2-bit quantisation, and a 4 GB Bolt E4B is due on 23 October. NVIDIA publishes the weights, training data and recipes, and says the models were trained on about 26 trillion tokens.

The third-party tracker BenchLM also lists EmbeddingGemma 2 (6 October) and DeepSeek V4.1 Flash (17 October). I have not checked these against each company's own announcement, so treat them as pointers. DeepSeek has published inference code for V4.1 Flash; see the hardware page.

What it adds up to

  • Prices are falling fast. Several new models launched at the same price as, or less than, their predecessors. Sol and Luna came with a 50% cut, and Haiku 5.5 is about 75% cheaper to run than Haiku 4.5, according to Anthropic.
  • Safety gating is now part of every launch. Astra, Opus 5.5 and Argon all came with cyber restrictions and programmes that give vetted defenders or researchers wider access. Google released Argon to defenders before anyone else.
  • The open-weight tier is getting serious. Muse Spark Open and the promised Mistral Large 4 weights put very large models within reach of organisations willing to run their own hardware.
  • Speed is the new selling point. Mercury 3 and the realtime Voxtral model compete on how fast they respond, not just on how clever they are. That matters for voice assistants and agents that make many small calls.
  • Benchmarks are saturating. When a company reports 99.9% on a test, that test no longer separates the best models. Expect more emphasis on long-running agent tasks and real-world evaluations.

Sources

  1. Introducing GPT-6 Astra — OpenAI (3 September 2026)
  2. Introducing GPT-6 Sol and Luna — OpenAI (22 September 2026)
  3. DevDay 2026 recap — OpenAI (29 September 2026)
  4. GPT-6 for everyone in ChatGPT — OpenAI (7 October 2026)
  5. Claude Fable 5.1 and Mythos 5.1 — Anthropic (1 September 2026)
  6. Claude Opus 5.5 — Anthropic (22 September 2026)
  7. Claude Sonnet 5.5 — Anthropic (28 September 2026)
  8. Claude Haiku 5.5 — Anthropic (7 October 2026)
  9. Claude Platform release notes — Anthropic (accessed 22 October 2026)
  10. Gemini 4 Argon announcement — Google (30 September 2026)
  11. Introducing Gemini 4 Argon (general availability) — Google (13 October 2026)
  12. Introducing Muse Wonder models — Meta (12 October 2026)
  13. Muse Spark Open — Meta AI research blog (15 October 2026)
  14. Mistral Large 4 — Mistral AI (6 October 2026)
  15. Google Cloud brings OpenAI models to customers — Google Cloud (21 October 2026)
  16. Introducing Mercury 3 — Inception (19 October 2026)
  17. Inception says Mercury 3 beats GPT-6 Luna and Claude Haiku 5.5 at up to 8x the speed — SiliconANGLE (20 October 2026)
  18. Voxtral 3 — Mistral AI (20 October 2026)
  19. Nemotron 3.5 Super VL and Bolt — NVIDIA Blog (15 October 2026)
  20. October 2026 model releases tracker — BenchLM (third-party) (accessed 23 October 2026)

Figures quoted from company announcements are the companies' own claims. Independent testing may give different results.